X Accuses Music Publishers of Weaponizing DMCA Takedowns

X has escalated its long-running copyright fight with the music industry, accusing major publishers of abusing the DMCA to pressure the platform into costly licensing deals. The Elon Musk–owned social network says the National Music Publishers’ Association (NMPA) coordinated mass takedown requests to gain leverage. According to the lawsuit, these actions were designed to force X into industrywide agreements rather than allowing individual negotiations. The claims raise fresh questions about how copyright enforcement tools are used on large social platforms. For creators and users, the case could shape how music circulates online. For publishers, it challenges long-standing enforcement strategies. At stake is the balance between copyright protection and platform competition.

Antitrust Lawsuit Targets Industrywide Licensing Pressure

Filed on Friday, the antitrust lawsuit alleges that music publishers colluded through the NMPA to undermine fair competition. X argues that instead of negotiating separately, publishers sought to act as a single bloc. This approach, the platform claims, denied it the ability to secure competitive licensing terms. The lawsuit describes a coordinated campaign meant to corner X financially. By framing the issue as antitrust rather than simple copyright enforcement, X is broadening the legal battle. That shift could attract scrutiny beyond the music industry. Regulators and courts may now examine how collective licensing efforts affect digital markets.

Claims of Weekly DMCA “Bombardment” Since 2021

Central to X’s complaint is the claim that DMCA takedown notices were “weaponized” starting in 2021. The platform says it received thousands of notices every week tied to allegedly infringing posts. According to X, the volume and timing of these requests were intended to apply pressure, not just protect copyrights. The lawsuit argues that such tactics disrupted normal platform operations. It also suggests the strategy was meant to make licensing appear unavoidable. If proven, the claims could reshape how mass takedowns are viewed legally. DMCA tools, designed for rights protection, may face tighter scrutiny.

Copyright Problems Intensified After Musk’s Takeover

X’s copyright troubles have been widely documented since Elon Musk acquired the platform. High-profile piracy incidents, including repeated uploads of full-length movies, drew industry attention in 2023. Publishers argue that lax enforcement encouraged widespread infringement. X, however, says it has been unfairly targeted compared to other platforms. The company maintains that it responds to valid takedown requests. This dispute highlights the broader challenge of moderating massive volumes of user-generated content. It also underscores tensions between free expression and copyright control. Those tensions are now playing out in court.

A Years-Long Legal Battle Nearing a Turning Point

The lawsuit adds another chapter to a case that began when the NMPA sued X for $250 million in 2023 over more than 1,700 songs. Parts of that case survived judicial review in 2024, keeping pressure on the platform. Notably, a November 2025 filing indicated that both sides had made substantial progress toward settlement. This new action suggests negotiations may have stalled. X is now seeking monetary damages and a court order blocking collective licensing pressure. The outcome could redefine negotiations between platforms and rights holders. It may also influence how future copyright disputes are handled.

What the Case Could Mean for Platforms and Publishers

If X succeeds, the ruling could limit how trade groups coordinate enforcement efforts. Platforms might gain more flexibility in negotiating licenses individually. Publishers, on the other hand, warn that weakening collective action could undermine copyright protection. The case arrives as lawmakers debate updates to digital copyright laws. Industry observers see it as a bellwether for future disputes. For users, the decision could affect what content stays online. For the tech and music industries alike, the stakes are unusually high.