Saka set up Gabriel Jesus’ goal, but went off with a muscular problem in the 34th minute as his side lost for the first time this season.
“We don’t know anything more,” said Arteta.
“It was big enough not to allow him to continue to play the game and that’s a worry for us.”
Saka, 22, had started his side’s past two games before being withdrawn with injury concerns – and is now a doubt for Sunday’s crucial Premier League game with champions Manchester City at Emirates Stadium.
But asked whether he regretted picking Saka against Lens, Arsenal boss Arteta said: “No. It was a knock that he had the other day and he was perfectly fine.
“It was a backheel, an action that can produce that kind of injury. He tried to backheel a ball in the first half and felt something muscular. He felt uncomfortable to carry on so we had to take him off.
“He hasn’t really missed games. We gave him a break against Brentford [in the Carabao Cup] last week and that was all.”
England forward Saka has been an ever-present in Arsenal’s side and has started 87 consecutive league games.
So much of the Gunners’ attacking play goes through Saka that it was no surprise their tempo and energy significantly reduced against Lens following his departure and they slipped to a disappointing loss in Group B.
Arteta will not want to lose such a key figure for the visit of Pep Guardiola’s City, who lead the Premier League by one point from Tottenham and Arsenal.
He added: “Let’s see what the extent of it is. The last few were more knocks than anything else.”
𝗦𝗲𝗺𝗮𝘀𝗼𝗰𝗶𝗮𝗹 𝗶𝘀 𝘄𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗹 𝗽𝗲𝗼𝗽𝗹𝗲 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗰𝘁, 𝗴𝗿𝗼𝘄, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗼𝗻𝗴. We’re more than just a social platform — from jobs and blogs to events and daily chats, we bring people and ideas together in one simple, meaningful space.