Wearable health trackers like smartwatches and smart rings are becoming a normal part of modern life, promising better health insights through heart rate monitoring, sleep tracking, and activity data. But while these devices can motivate healthier lifestyles, they also raise a bigger question: could your smartwatch put you at risk at work? Employers and insurance companies are increasingly interested in this data, and that trend comes with both benefits and serious consequences.

How Wearable Health Trackers Influence Employee Benefits

Many companies and health insurers encourage employees to share data from fitness trackers in exchange for perks—such as discounts, gift cards, or reduced health insurance premiums. For instance, UnitedHealthcare launched a rewards program that gives incentives for meeting activity and sleep goals through wearable devices. Surveys show most Americans are open to sharing health data if it means saving money. On the surface, this seems like a win-win: employees stay healthier while companies lower insurance costs. But this approach ignores deeper issues of fairness, accuracy, and privacy.

Workplace Risks: From Discrimination to Inaccuracy

One of the biggest dangers of workplace health trackers is the risk of discrimination. These devices can reveal sensitive information about pregnancy, chronic conditions, or mental health, which may expose employees to bias. Studies also show wearables often perform less accurately on darker skin tones, leading to unfair health assessments. If companies use this data to reward or penalize employees, marginalized groups may face disproportionate disadvantages—widening existing racial and health inequalities in the workplace.

Privacy, Equity, and the Trust Problem

Beyond discrimination, wearable health trackers open the door to data breaches and an Orwellian level of surveillance at work. Sensitive health information could be hacked or misused, eroding employee trust in their employers. Moreover, rewarding physical activity or sleep quality doesn’t account for structural barriers—like unsafe neighborhoods, limited time, or social support—that disproportionately impact certain groups. Employers who rush to adopt these programs risk creating inequities instead of fostering genuine wellness.

Proceeding with Caution

Wearable health trackers can improve wellness, but when used in the workplace, they pose serious challenges around equity, privacy, and discrimination. Companies considering these programs must weigh short-term gains in employee health against long-term risks to trust and fairness. The message is clear: your smartwatch may be helpful for you personally—but at work, it could be used against you.